Mangosteen

Mangosteen - Garcinia mangostana

Family - Clusiaceae

Introduction
Present status/ nutritive value
Recommended varieties
Nursery management
Field establishment
Climate and soil/ land preparation/ spacing/ time of planting/ seeding or planting
Crop management
Weed control/ fertilizer application/ irrigation/ pest control/ disease control
Harvesting & post-harvest technology
Harvesting/ post-harvest handling/ food processing
Economics & marketing
Extent & production/ labour requirement/ cost of production/ marketing
Research Programme
Printed materials in pdf format
Abstracts of research paper

Introduction

Nutritive Values
(per 100g edible portion)

Energy 60.0k cal

Protein 0.5g

Fat 0.1g

Carbohydrates 14.3g

Calcium 10.0mg

Phosphorus 20.0mg

Iron 0.2mg

Medicinal Values / Uses
Useful in Diabetes mellitus. Pulverized rind as an astringent in dysentery and chronic diarrhoea.

Major Growing Areas
Kaluthara, Kegalle, Kandy, Matale, Galle, Colombo, Gampaha .

Recommended Varieties

No standard varieties due to its parthenocarpic nature. However, a slight variation was observed among cultivars.

Field Establishment

Propagation

Vegetatively Wedge grafting
Cleft grafting
Inarching

Ecological requirements

Annual rainfall 1500 - 2000 mm

Temperature 25^o - 35^oC

Relative humidity Over 80 %

Elevation Upto 610m above sea level

Growing Districts
(LCWZ & MCWZ) - Kalutara
- Ratnapura
- Gampaha
- Galle
- Colombo
- Kegalle
- Kandy

Soils

A water table of 2m from the soil surface. (especially suited for planting closer to water resources)
Grown in almost all types of soils with good drainage and organic matter

Size of planting hole 60 cm x 60 cm

Spacing 6m x 6m - Seedling
3m x 3m - grafts

Crop Management

Shading Necessary to provide 1^st 2 yrs of growth and thereafter shading and mulching during dry spells to avoid leaf scorch.

Irrigation weed control During 1^st 5 yrs in droughts only during 1^st 5 yrs of growth.

Fertilizer N:P₂O_J:K₂O 12:14:14 mixture as recommended by DOA.

Insect pest Scales
Leaf eaters

Gamboge disorder Secretion of yellow colour latex on to the edible portion of the fruit known as gamboge disorder is one of the major draw backs in mangosteen. Such fruits become inedible with bitter taste. Some times latex exudates onto the fruit surface, affecting the appearance and marketability.
Causes for the disorder is not certain. Nutritional imbalance and sudden changes of moisture content may be the reasons.

Harvesting & Post-harvest Technology

Fruiting Commences 8-10 yrs- Seedling -No. of fruits/year500-1500 /tree (30-50 yrs old)
4 - 5 yrs Graft - 15 - 30 fruits/tree/yr- 15 yrs old

Fruiting seasons LCWZ - May -July
MCWZ - July - September

Harvesting When 25% fruit find turns pinkish, purple and with the stalk should be plucked at the point where it is attached to the fruit. Ground harvesting should be avoided as fruits get hardened.

Economics & Marketing

Availability
May - September

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Energy	60.0k cal
Protein	0.5g
Fat	0.1g
Carbohydrates	14.3g
Calcium	10.0mg
Phosphorus	20.0mg
Iron	0.2mg

Propagation
Vegetatively	Wedge grafting Cleft grafting Inarching
Ecological requirements
Annual rainfall	1500 - 2000 mm
Temperature	25^o - 35^oC
Relative humidity	Over 80 %
Elevation	Upto 610m above sea level
	Growing Districts (LCWZ & MCWZ)	- Kalutara - Ratnapura - Gampaha - Galle - Colombo - Kegalle - Kandy
Soils
A water table of 2m from the soil surface. (especially suited for planting closer to water resources) Grown in almost all types of soils with good drainage and organic matter
Size of planting hole	60 cm x 60 cm
Spacing	6m x 6m - Seedling 3m x 3m - grafts

Shading	Necessary to provide 1^st 2 yrs of growth and thereafter shading and mulching during dry spells to avoid leaf scorch.

Irrigation weed control	During 1^st 5 yrs in droughts only during 1^st 5 yrs of growth.

Fertilizer	N:P₂O_J:K₂O 12:14:14 mixture as recommended by DOA.

Insect pest	Scales Leaf eaters

Gamboge disorder	Secretion of yellow colour latex on to the edible portion of the fruit known as gamboge disorder is one of the major draw backs in mangosteen. Such fruits become inedible with bitter taste. Some times latex exudates onto the fruit surface, affecting the appearance and marketability. Causes for the disorder is not certain. Nutritional imbalance and sudden changes of moisture content may be the reasons.

Fruiting	Commences	8-10 yrs- Seedling -No. of fruits/year500-1500 /tree (30-50 yrs old) 4 - 5 yrs Graft - 15 - 30 fruits/tree/yr- 15 yrs old

Fruiting seasons	LCWZ - May -July MCWZ - July - September

Harvesting	When 25% fruit find turns pinkish, purple and with the stalk should be plucked at the point where it is attached to the fruit. Ground harvesting should be avoided as fruits get hardened.